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Which of the following statements about juvenile delinquency is TRUE?


A) Adolescents with high academic performance are at risk of engaging in delinquency.
B) Adolescents who come from low-SES families are more likely to engage in delinquency now than they were in the past.
C) Males are more likely to engage in delinquency than females are.
D) Females are more likely to engage in delinquency than males are.

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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Most researchers believe that changes in identity are more likely to take place during:


A) late childhood.
B) adolescence.
C) emerging adulthood.
D) middle adulthood.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Which of the following is the third-leading cause of death in 10- to 19-year-olds today in the United States?


A) Homicide
B) Suicide
C) Motor vehicle accidents
D) Infectious diseases

E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

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Manfred is worried about his 16-year-old son hanging around much older people in the neighborhood.Research suggests that Manfred:


A) should not be concerned,since having older friends has been linked to positive school achievement.
B) should encourage the behavior since his older friends will help him make a successful transition to adulthood.
C) has reason to worry,since his son is more likely to engage in deviant behaviors.
D) should not worry,because his son will soon tire of his older friends and turn to friends his own age.

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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According to Erik Erikson,which of the following developmental stages is experienced by an individual during adolescence?


A) Autonomy versus shame and doubt
B) Intimacy versus isolation
C) Initiative versus guilt
D) Identity versus identity confusion

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

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A consensus is developing that the key changes in identity are more likely to take place at:


A) 18 to 25 years of age.
B) 15 to 17 years of age.
C) 12 to 15 years of age.
D) 9 to 12 years of age.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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Which of the following distinguishes the locations where rites of passage are prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa?


A) High socioeconomic status
B) Acceptance of Western culture
C) Rigid social structure
D) Low access to formal education

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Ethnic _____ is the enduring aspect of the self that includes a sense of membership in an ethnic group,along with the attitudes and feelings related to that membership.


A) gloss
B) awareness
C) identity
D) pride

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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Identity _____ is James Marcia's term for the status of adolescents who are in the midst of a crisis,and whose commitment levels are either absent or only vaguely defined.


A) confusion
B) stagnation
C) diffusion
D) moratorium

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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In what circumstances are adolescents likely to feel more comfortable disclosing information to their parents?

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When parents engage in positive parentin...

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A small group that ranges from two to about twelve individuals,averaging about five to six individuals,and can form because adolescents engage in similar activities.

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Delinquency caseloads involving females increased from _____ percent in 1985 to _____ percent in 2005.


A) 19; 27
B) 10; 20
C) 40; 50
D) 30; 50

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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According to two recent studies about the role of parents in guiding adolescents' use of the Internet and other media,both maternal and paternal _____ parenting predicted proactive monitoring of adolescent media use,including restriction of certain media from adolescent use and parent-adolescent discussion of exposure to questionable media content.


A) neglectful
B) indulgent
C) authoritative
D) authoritarian

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Which status of identity would be most closely linked to an authoritarian style of parenting?

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An authoritarian style of parenting is m...

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Briefly describe the elements identified by James Marcia as determining an individual's identity status.

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James Marcia classifies individuals' ide...

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Which of the following is the term Erik Erikson uses to describe the gap between childhood security and adult autonomy?


A) Psychosocial moratorium
B) Sociological amnesty
C) Societal moratorium
D) Behavioral reprieve

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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Which of the following is the primary way that most adolescents connect with parents?


A) Voice mail
B) Instant messaging
C) E-mail
D) Text messaging

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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Which of the following statements regarding adolescent health is TRUE?


A) More adolescents around the world are dying from acute infections than before.
B) Many adolescent health-compromising behaviors,especially illicit drug use and unprotected sex,are decreasing in frequency.
C) The rate of HIV infection in sub-Saharan countries has decreased marginally in recent years.
D) Fewer adolescents around the world die now from malnutrition.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

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By about age 15,adolescent females have a rate of depression that is _____ that of adolescent males.


A) twice
B) half
C) thrice
D) the same as

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Which of the following is the term that most researchers use to describe crisis?


A) Foreclosure
B) Exploration
C) Moratorium
D) Commitment

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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