Question 1

What is the role of α-ketoglutarate in both transamination and oxidative deamination?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is a common product of both transamination and oxidative deamination.
B)   It is a common reactant in both transamination and oxidative deamination.
C)   It is a reactant in oxidative deamination and a product in transamination.
D)   It is a reactant in transamination and a product in oxidative deamination.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

Why must carbohydrates, fats, and proteins be broken down into small molecules during digestion?

Accepted Answer

A)   to facilitate their absorption by the walls of the stomach
B)   to facilitate their absorption by the walls of the intestines
C)   to facilitate their proper excretion
D)   to facilitate the removal of contaminantsE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 3

Which of the following carbohydrates cannot enter the glycolytic pathway?

Accepted Answer

A)   fructose
B)   galactose
C)   glycogen
D)   none of theseE) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 4

Which of the following compounds diffuses out of the mitochondria into the cytoplasm?

Accepted Answer

A)   argininosuccinate
B)   carbamoyl phosphate
C)   citrulline
D)   ornithineE) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 5

Which of the following pathways has the capacity to produce NADPH and ribose?

Accepted Answer

A)   the glycolytic pathway
B)   the citric acid cycle
C)   the Krebs cycle
D)   the pentose phosphate pathwayE) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 6

What is the role of the enzyme enoyl-CoA hydratase in the β-oxidation of saturated fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

A)   It adds a hydroxyl group on the α-carbon of the fatty acid.
B)   It adds a hydroxyl group on the β-carbon of the fatty acid.
C)   It adds hydroxyl groups on both the α- and β-carbons of the fatty acid.
D)   It adds hydrogen atoms on both the α- and β-carbons of the fatty acid.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 7

Which of the following is a ketogenic amino acid?

Accepted Answer

A)   alanine
B)   leucine
C)   serine
D)   threonineE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 8

In which form do the carbon skeletons of amino acids enter the common catabolic pathway?

Accepted Answer

A)   as the side chain of amino acids
B)   as proteins
C)   as α-ketoacids
D)   as glycerolE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 9

Which of the following assists the breakdown of di- and polysaccharides into monosaccharides?

Accepted Answer

A)   enzymes
B)   stomach acid
C)   both enzymes and stomach acid
D)   neither enzymes nor stomach acidE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 10

Which of the following statements is true of phenylketonuria?

Accepted Answer

A)   It involves the accumulation of phenylalanine in the body.
B)   It involves the conversion of phenylalanine to phenylpyruvate.
C)   It involves the conversion of phenylalanine to tyrosine.
D)   None of these are correct.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 11

What is the effect of the accumulation of phenylpyruvate in the body?

Accepted Answer

A)   It prevents the conversion of pyruvate into acetyl CoA.
B)   It prevents the entry of acetyl CoA into the common catabolic pathway.
C)   It prevents the conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate into pyruvate.
D)   It increases the storage of acetyl CoA in the liver.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 12

Identify the reactants of an oxidative deamination reaction.

Accepted Answer

A)   α-ketoglutarate, NAD+, and H2O
B)   α-ketoglutarate, NADH, and H+
C)   glutamate, NAD+, and H2O
D)   glutamate, NADH, and H+E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 13

Which of the following statements is true of anaerobic reactions?

Accepted Answer

A)   They are all redox reactions.
B)   They are all oxidation reactions.
C)   They occur in the presence of oxygen.
D)   They occur in the absence of oxygen.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 14

Which of the following statements is true of pyruvate kinase?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is activated by AMP.
B)   It plays a key regulatory role in glycolysis.
C)   Both of these are true.
D)   Neither of these is true.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 15

Other than urea, what is the product of the final step of the urea cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)   arginine
B)   carbamoyl phosphate
C)   citrulline
D)   ornithineE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 16

Which of the following digestive enzymes is found in the stomach?

Accepted Answer

A)   carboxypeptidase
B)   chymotrypsin
C)   pepsin
D)   trypsinE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

Which of the following chemical solutions must be provided intravenously to combat acidosis during cardiac arrest?

Accepted Answer

A)   5% carbonate solution
B)   8.4% bicarbonate solution
C)   10.5% acetate solution
D)   4% chloride solutionE) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 18

Which of the following chemicals causes most of the damage in fetal alcohol syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A)   acetaldehyde
B)   acetic acid
C)   acetone
D)   ethanolE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 19

How many high-energy phosphate bonds are cleaved during the activation of the β-oxidation of fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

A)   0
B)   1
C)   2
D)   3E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 20

Which of the following compounds is the catabolized product of glucogenic amino acids?

Accepted Answer

A)   oxaloacetate
B)   acetyl CoA
C)   acetoacetyl CoA
D)   pyruvateE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Exam 27: Specific Catabolic Pathways: Carbohydrate, Lipid, and Protein Metabolism

Which of the following assists the breakdown of di- and polysaccharides into monosaccharides?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How many high-energy phosphate bonds are cleaved during the activation of the β-oxidation of fatty acids?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true of anaerobic reactions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the effect of the accumulation of phenylpyruvate in the body?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following compounds diffuses out of the mitochondria into the cytoplasm?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why must carbohydrates, fats, and proteins be broken down into small molecules during digestion?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following compounds is the catabolized product of glucogenic amino acids?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following chemical solutions must be provided intravenously to combat acidosis during cardiac arrest?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true of phenylketonuria?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Other than urea, what is the product of the final step of the urea cycle?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following digestive enzymes is found in the stomach?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a ketogenic amino acid?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the role of the enzyme enoyl-CoA hydratase in the β-oxidation of saturated fatty acids?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the role of α-ketoglutarate in both transamination and oxidative deamination?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Identify the reactants of an oxidative deamination reaction.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true of pyruvate kinase?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following chemicals causes most of the damage in fetal alcohol syndrome?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In which form do the carbon skeletons of amino acids enter the common catabolic pathway?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following pathways has the capacity to produce NADPH and ribose?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following carbohydrates cannot enter the glycolytic pathway?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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